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Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Adopts Legal Action Center’s Arguments
Washington D.C. - In a decision issued today, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals adopted the arguments of the Legal Action Center (LAC), of the American Immigration Council, that the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) unlawfully imposed extra-regulatory requirements on a petition for a worker of “extraordinary ability” (EB-1). The case in question, Kazarian v. USCIS, involves a theoretical physicist whose employment-based visa was denied because he did not demonstrate “the research community’s reactions to his [scholarly] publications” - an arbitrary requirement with no justification in the law.

In today’s decision, the Ninth Circuit amended its previous ruling and reversed the agency’s interpretation. The court held that “neither USCIS nor an [Administrative Appeals Office] may unilaterally impose novel substantive or evidentiary requirements beyond those set forth [in the regulations].” The Ninth Circuit also found that the agency impermissibly added another unlawful criteria as well.

The case stems from a 2009 Ninth Circuit Court ruling in favor of USCIS. Following that ruling, the LAC and NAFSA submitted an amicus brief in support of rehearing Kazarian’s case. The LAC argued that USCIS erred by adding an additional requirement that did not exist under the law. Kazarian was represented pro bono in the rehearing petition by Wolfsdorf Immigration Law Group.

Today’s decision sends a clear message that USCIS must follow the law and provide a fair process. Unfortunately, this case is not an isolated incident and not the first time the LAC has successfully challenged the policies and practices of the agency. The LAC will continue to challenge similar attempts by the government to operate outside of the law.

“Immigration law is complicated enough without the immigration agency imposing additional requirements and burdens of proof that aren’t in the statute or regulations and that ultimately undermine the goal of attracting the best and brightest to our shores,” said Benjamin Johnson, Executive Director of the American Immigration Council.

To read the decision in its entirety visit: http://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2010/03/04/07-56774.pdf -

Legal Action Center press release

Categories: Employment Immigration, Immigration Litigation and Removal, General |

The Department of Homeland Security’s Immigration and Customs Enforcement Agency (ICE) has announced that it will audit the I-9 forms of thousands of businesses in the coming years. With potential fines of $110 to $1100 for each violation found on an I-9 form, no matter how innocent, companies must ensure that their I-9 forms are error-free. Here are the 10 most common mistakes employers make that can costs thousands if left uncorrected.

Mistake #1 - The Employer and/or employee fails to sign and date the I-9 forms where indicated on the form.

Mistake #2 - The employee fails to complete section 1 of the I-9 Form on the first date of work.

Mistake #3 - The Employer does not examine the I-9 documents and fails to complete section 2 of the I-9 form with three business days of hire.

Mistake #4 - The Employer leaves the start date for work blank in the “certification” block of section 2.

Mistake #5 - The employee does not mark one of the four blocks in section 1 regarding his or her status or fails to provide the necessary information for the third and fourth blocks. The employee must indicate whether he is a U.S. citizen, noncitizen national, permanent resident, or otherwise authorized to be employed.

Mistake #6 - The Employer forgets to track the expiration date of work authorization and does not re-verify an employee’s employment authorization on or before the expiration date listed on the I-9 form.

Mistake #7 - The Employer over-documents and lists too many documents in section 2. This could lead to a discrimination charge against the Employer.

Mistake #8 - The Employer looks at photocopies rather than original verification documents. The employee must present original documents and the Employer should never accept photocopies of documents for verification.

Mistake #9 - The Employer fails to match the employee’s verification documents - the Employer should look for a match and consistency in the employee’s name and date of birth on the documents.

Mistake #10 - The Employer fails to consistently apply its photocopying policy. The law does not require Employer to make copies of verification documents; however, if the Employer does make copies, it must make copies for all employees, not just some. And, any copies of verification documents must be kept with the I-9 form and nowhere else.

An internal audit of your I-9 forms can uncover these mistakes and correcting them before a government audit can save you thousands!

Categories: Employment Immigration, Employer Compliance, Blogroll |

February 1, 2010

Washington D.C. - Today, the Immigration Policy Center (IPC) releases the final in its series of “Solutions Papers,” Future Flow: Repairing our Broken Immigration System. The perennial question of how to regulate future employment-based immigration flows has been, by far, one of the greatest sticking points in the immigration reform debate. In 1986, lawmakers passed the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) in an attempt to reign in undocumented immigration through heightened worksite and border enforcement, combined with legalization of most undocumented immigrants already in the country. Unfortunately, IRCA failed to address the fact that immigrant workers would be needed in the future, and the lack of future flow mechanisms resulted in a large unauthorized immigrant population.

Policymakers now have the opportunity to realistically assess our future employment-based immigration needs. This includes permanent and temporary visas, high-skilled and low-skilled workers. Many people agree that our current legal immigration flow is drastically out of sync with America’s labor needs. If the U.S. is to thrive in the globalized 21^st century economy, employment-based immigration must be seen as a strategic resource that can both meet labor market needs and foster economic growth and competition while still protecting U.S. workers and improving wages and working conditions. This paper lays out the key principles for future employment-based immigration flows within the context of comprehensive immigration reform.

To read the paper in its entirety, see: 
Future Flow: Repairing our Broken Immigration System
(IPC Focusing on the Solution series, February 2, 2010)
 

To read other papers in the series, see:

Family Immigration: Repairing our Broken Immigration System 
(IPC Focusing on the Solutions series, January 15, 2010)

Enforcing Immigration Laws: Repairing our Broken Immigration System
(IPC Focusing on the Solutions series, December 8, 2009)

Naturalization and Integration: Repairing our Broken Immigration System
(IPC Focusing on the Solutions series, December 4, 2009)

Employment Verification: Repairing our Broken Immigration System
(IPC Focusing on the Solutions series, November 12, 2009)
 
Earned Legalization: Repairing our Broken Immigration System
(IPC Focusing on the Solutions series, November 5, 2009)

Breaking Down the Problems: What’s Wrong With our Current Immigration System
(IPC Special Report, October 21, 2009)
 

Categories: Legislation and Policy, Employment Immigration, Employer Compliance, General |

Even if you have an employment authorization document (EAD) for work purposes and an advance parole document (AP) for travel purposes, extending your H-1B visa while your green card application is pending might be worthwhile depending upon your circumstances. Here are three reasons why an H-1B extension could make sense for you:

Safety - if your I-485 application is denied for any reason (even government mistakes), you will have no legal status and can be deported unless you have have nonimmigrant status like H-1B. Also, if you have H-1B status, you may be eligible to re-file your I-485 application. Without it, you might not.

Automatic Extension - even if you file your H-1B extension request the day before your H-1B expires, you will remain in H-1B status and continue to work without interruption while your extension request is pending. This is not true with the EAD. If your EAD renewal is not approved before your current EAD expires, you are not authorized to work until your EAD renewal is approved. Also, you have a small window of time to file the EAD renewal. To be safe, you must file 90 to 120 days before your EAD expires (you cannot file earlier than 120 days before expiration).
Family - if your spouse or child did not file or cannot file for adjustment yet, then maintaining H-1B status may be necessary to maintain status for your dependent spouse or child. Also, if you marry or plan to marry someone who needs a visa, the H-4 visa based upon your H-1B status is the fastest way for him or her to join you in the U.S.

There are many factors to consider in determining the best immigration status for you while your green card application is pending. Even if you decide not to extend your H-1B status or you travel using AP rather than an H-1B visa, you may still have an option of reinstating your H-1B status if necessary. Always consult with an immigration attorney when considering any changes to your immigration status.

By Ann Massey Badmus

Categories: Employment Immigration, Medical Professionals |

Those working with H-1B visas need to be aware that the USCIS is conducting approximately 25,000 random worksite visits to verify that the H-1B employee is actually employed with the sponsoring employer as described in the H-1B petition.  Many of our clients employed by both large and small employers have already experienced these unannounced visits.  It’s important that you and your employer are ready for these visits which usually include an interview with your employer’s representative, an interview with you, and a tour of the work facility.  Here are five steps you should take to prepare for and respond to a surprise visit to your workplace:
1.Review the H-1B petition filed by your employer to make sure your work locations, title, job duties, and wages are listed correctly. If not, contact your employer and lawyer immediately for further advice.
2. Have your attorney’s number available so you can call her immediately, before you begin your interview with the investigator. You are entitled to have your attorney present by phone or in person.
3. If you  work at a location not controlled by your employer, contact the  facility representative to let them know about the possibility of a site visit and advise them to contact you and your employer immediately in case of a surprise visit.
4. Ask your employer to contact the attorney who prepared the H-1B petition to help with a self-audit of their H-1B compliance files which are required for all employers.
5. Schedule a mock interview with your employer and attorney to prepare for a possible site visit so you can feel more comfortable if it happens.

Categories: Employment Immigration, Employer Compliance, Medical Professionals, General |

On December 21, 2009, the USCIS announced that it has received a sufficient number of petitions to meet the 65,000 numerical limitation for this fiscal year which began October 1, 2009 and ends September 30, 2010.  USCIS has also received more than 20,000 H-1B petitions on behalf of persons exempt from the cap under the advanced degree exemption. USCIS will reject cap-subject petitions for new H-1B specialty occupation workers seeking an employment start date in FY2010 that are received after December 21, 2009. USCIS will apply a computer-generated random selection process (lottery) to all petitions that are subject to the cap and were received on December 21, 2009.

Applications for FY2011 (October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2011) will be accepted on or after April 1, 2010. Badmus Law Firm is ready to assist employers and employees with H-1B visas or other visa options.  You are invited to call or email us at 469-916-7900 or immigration@badmuslaw.com.

Categories: Employment Immigration, General |

As of November 13, 2009, approximately 55,600 H-1B cap-subject petitions had been filed. USCIS has approved sufficient H-1B petitions for aliens with advanced degrees to meet the exemption of 20,000 from the fiscal year 2010 cap. Any H-1B petitions filed on behalf of an alien with an advanced degree will now count toward the general H-1B cap of 65,000. USCIS will continue to accept both cap-subject petitions and advanced degree petitions until a sufficient number of H-1B petitions have been received to reach the statutory limits, taking into account the fact that some of these petitions may be denied, revoked, or withdrawn.

Categories: Employment Immigration, General |

On November 19, 2009, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Assistant Secretary John Morton announced the issuance of Notices of Inspection (NOIs) to 1,000 employers across the country associated with critical infrastructure-alerting business owners that ICE will audit their hiring records to determine compliance with employment eligibility verification laws.

“ICE is focused on finding and penalizing employers who believe they can unfairly get ahead by cultivating illegal workplaces,” said Assistant Secretary Morton. “We are increasing criminal and civil enforcement of immigration-related employment laws and imposing smart, tough employer sanctions to even the playing field for employers who play by the rules.”

The 1,000 businesses served with audit notices this week were selected for inspection as a result of investigative leads and intelligence and because of the business’ connection to public safety and national security-for example, privately owned critical infrastructure and key resources. The names and locations of the businesses will not be released at this time due to the ongoing, law enforcement sensitive nature of these audits.

Audits involve a comprehensive review of Form I-9s, which employers are required to complete and retain for each individual hired in the United States. I-9 forms require employers to review and record each individual’s identity and work eligibility document(s) and determine whether the document(s) reasonably appear to be genuine and related to that specific individual.

Protecting employment opportunities for the nation’s lawful workforce and targeting employers who knowingly employ an illegal workforce are major ICE priorities, for which ICE employs all available civil and administrative tools, including audits. Audits may result in civil penalties and lay the groundwork for criminal prosecution of employers who knowingly violate the law.

In April, DHS issued updated worksite enforcement guidance emphasizing ICE’s major enforcement priorities-specifically focusing on dangerous criminal aliens and employers who cultivate illegal workplaces by breaking the country’s laws and knowingly hiring illegal workers. In this strategy, ICE identified form I-9 audits as the most important administrative tool in building criminal cases and bringing employers into compliance with the law.

Statistics since implementation of new ICE worksite enforcement strategy on April 30:

• 45 businesses and 47 individuals debarred;
  • 0 businesses and 1 individual were debarred during same period in FY 2008.
• 142 Notices of Intent to Fine (NIF) totaling $15,865,181;
  • ICE issued 32 NIFs totaling $2,355,330 in all of FY 2008.
• 45 Final Orders totaling $798,179;
  • ICE issued eight Final Orders totaling $196,523 during the same period in FY 2008.
• 1,897 cases initiated;
  • ICE initiated 605 cases during the same period in FY 2008.
• 1,069 Form I-9 Inspections;
  • ICE initiated 503 Form I-9 Inspections in all of FY 2008.

In July, ICE issued 654 NOIs to businesses nationwide in the largest operation of its kind before today - part of ICE’s effort to audit businesses suspected of using illegal labor.

Statistics resulting from the 654 audits announced in July:

• ICE agents reviewed more than 85,000 Form I-9s and identified more than 14,000 suspect documents - approximately 16 percent of the total number reviewed.
• To date, 61 NIFs have been issued, resulting in $2,310,255 in fines. In addition, 267 cases are currently being considered for Notices of Intent to Fine (NIFs).
• ICE closed 326 cases after businesses were found to be in compliance with employment laws or after businesses were served with a Warning Notice in expectation of future compliance

Categories: Employment Immigration, Employer Compliance, General |

At a November 19, 2009, program put on by the Department of Homeland Security, titled “2009 Government and Employers: Working Together to Ensure a Legal Workforce,” Ronald Atkinson, Chief of Staff of USCIS’ Fraud Detection and National Security (FDNS) office, explained the three types of site visits that are currently being conducted:

1. Risk Assessment Program fraud study. Applicable to any type of benefit program, including family and employment-based, this study is part of a joint program between USCIS and ICE. Applications and petitions are chosen at random, usually on a post-approval basis, for visits to help in designing profiles of potential fraud.

2. Targeted site visits. These visits take place where fraud is suspected, and consist of a visit to ask questions. Advance notice, including notice to counsel, is supposed to be provided.

3. Administrative site visits. These relate to religious worker and H-1B petitions. They generally are conducted by contractors who know nothing of immigration law. Religious worker visits are performed under the regulations for that category. For H-1B site visits, the contractors have been equipped with a set of specific questions, and all employers/beneficiaries should be asked pretty much the same questions, primarily reaching the issues of whether there’s really an employer there, whether the employer knows it filed the petition, and whether the beneficiary is doing the work and receiving the wage indicated on the petition. H-1B visits are done on a post-adjudication basis, and are randomly selected. Each employer should receive only one such visit, but may receive different visits for different sites.

AILA InfoNet Doc. No. 09112060 (posted Nov. 20, 2009)

Categories: Employment Immigration, Employer Compliance, General |

November 6, 2009 H-1B Cap Count

As of November 6, 2009, approximately 54,700 H-1B cap-subject petitions had been filed. USCIS has approved sufficient H1-B petitions for aliens with advanced degrees to meet the exemption of 20,000 from the fiscal year 2010 cap. Any H1-B petitions filed on behalf of an alien with an advanced degree will now count toward the general H1-B cap of 65,000. USCIS will continue to accept both cap-subject petitions and advanced degree petitions until a sufficient number of H-1B petitions have been received to reach the numerical limits, taking into account the fact that some of these petitions may be denied, revoked, or withdrawn.

To win the race for the remaining H-1B visas, consult an immigration attorney immediately.  If you have questions about H-1B visas or other visas, you are invited to call Badmus Law Firm at 888-849-9104 to speak with one of our attorneys.

Categories: Employment Immigration, General |